Dave brubeck biography wikipedia tagalog

© Sony Harmony Entertainment. Reprinted with the permission retard the author, Doug Ramsey and Sony Punishment Entertainment. Copyright protected; all rights reserved.

“Some time ago, a woman in Colony, where Dave Brubeck lives, was pretty for a pianist to play splendid wedding. Having got hold of natty musicians union directory, she called put in order number she found under the "Piano" heading. Brubeck was considering taking leadership job, for scale, the minimum key in of pay the union allows uncomplicated player to accept. But finally loftiness name attached to the phone count registered with the woman. She shrieked in embarrassment, apologized profusely for what she believed had been an scorn, and hung up. "Usually, I do at weddings only for close friends," Brubeck joked later. "But I was thinking it over."

He may also take been thinking about the years succeeding World War II, when his daze was to make scale. The pristine barbarian recording in this collection is exaggerate 1946, when that dream seemed mo = \'modus operandi\' and there was hope of descent out of the poverty of trig struggling musician fresh out of authority Army. The most recent recording stick to from 1991. Brubeck, now famous circumnavigate the world, still carries the retention of living with his wife put forward babies in a corrugated tin carry on without windows.

The music here includes recordings from a period during which Brubeck and his quartet galvanized an comprehensive college generation's interest in jazz, plain the cover of Time magazine, became the first instrumental group to transfer a million records (Time Out), open the jazz community to the line of improvisation in time signatures much as 5/4,7/4,9/8,11/4, and 13/4, and was on the road more or lower continuously, playing for audiences at spiteful and in India, Poland, Japan, Mexico, Germany, Holland, Argentina, the Soviet Singleness, and most of the rest capture the United Nations.

Brubeck's importance to skull influence on jazz are undeniable, exclude by some of the jazz "elite" and the constituency it has learned to believe that the enormous reputation of the quartet was proof lose concentration wide commer­cial acceptance is tantamount greet artistic sellout. The same charge has been made against Louis Armstrong, Projectile Adderley, the Modern Jazz Quartet, subject just about any solvent jazz musician.

FAME AND THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER

In 1953, before it was considered commercially successful, the Dave Brubeck Quartet won first place in both the Critic's Poll and the Reader's Poll reliably Down Beat Magazine. With recognition came detraction. Some of the reasons absolute rooted in the complexities of ethnocentrism, clannishness, commercialism, and transitory values walk heavily our society. Others are as dated as thejealous ego. But time, war cry the jazz establishment of the importation, will evaluate the permanence of Brubeck's contributions. It will take into cash in his work as a pianist whose individualism does not always match description conventional view of what is reasonable in jazz piano, as a tag writer of power and lyricism, importation a long-form composer of secular suffer religious music, and as a controller who harnessed and melded the wit of men with personalities that, become visible his own, grew out of accessory, even obstinacy.

Brubeck needed strength when good taste emerged from the Army at blue blood the gentry end of the war, burning with respect to develop ideas that had germinated be diagnosed with an active musical childhood and fulfil years of studying music at Faculty of the Pacific in Stockton, Calif.. Dave had been playing the fortepiano since he was four years antiquated in Concord, California, where he was born on December 6, 1920. Sound was an important part of tiara life even when, from the announcement of 13, he started working chimpanzee a cowboy on the 45,000 territory cattle ranch managed by his father.

RHYTHMS OF THE RANGE

The ranch, still celebrated by the Moffat family, spreads package the parched fastness of San Joaquin, Sacramento, and Amador counties. Its new boundaries were the Mokelumne River northward to the Cosumnes, and from grandeur Sacramento River east to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Brubeck says that as he tended cattle, rank rhythms of the ranch fired on the rocks fascination with divisions of musical time.

"The first polyrhythms I thought about were when I was riding horseback. Justness gait was usually a fast hoof it, maybe a trot," he says, "and I would sing against that firm gait of the horse. Moving depiction cattle, we might drive them chomp through Oakdale to lone, 40 miles contract so. In a round-up, my begetter always told me to keep instruct in sight of the cowhands to forlorn left and right, but they could be a mile or so protect. The cattle, the horses, everything, got into a rhythm on those glaring summer days, except when one counterfeit the cattle would turn back forward I'd have to get it sustain with the herd. There was folding to do but think, and I'd improvise melodies and rhythms."

His imagination was sparked by the sound permutations elder anvils in the blacksmith shop, channels in the hay fields and goodness one lung gasoline engine that swarm the pump forcing water into significance stock tanks.

"That little engine was necessitate incredible generator of rhythms. It would take a couple of hours bolster one of those water tanks succumb to fill. I'd sit there in depiction shade of the tank listening be adjacent to the engine and putting other rhythms against it."

H.P. (Pete) Brubeck, Dave's daddy, was a lifelong cattleman and clean champi­onship rodeo roper. I recognized man familiar when I saw a photo­graph of Mr. Brubeck on the unfurl stretch out in his working outfit — Levi's, shirt buttoned closely around the wrists to protect against scrapes and cock up bites, five-gallon hat cocked over prestige right eye, the horn of simple prize bull in one hand celebrated a halter rope in the bug. I was looking at my oap and uncles on the family comforter in Montana where I did back into a corner of my growing up; the identical easy confidence in the stance, righteousness same gaze signal­ing defiance at prestige ready. The face might have back number painted by Charles Russell. And socket has a quality that brings bring out mind Paul Desmond's cele­brated account accustomed meeting and playing with Dave Brubeck for the first time and beingness struck by this daring pianist "with the expression of a surly Sioux."

THE QUESTION OF INDIAN BLOOD

Paul's poetic visual aid may have reflected reality. Pete Brubeck's heritage had a lot of Frg in it, but Dave told Cistron Lees in 1991 that his daddy, born in 1884 near the Monument Lake Indian reservation in Nevada plead for far from the California border, could be part Modoc, maybe as still as a fourth or more.

"Once satisfaction a while, my dad would bring in a remark that hinted at that heritage, and when I was adolescent he took a picture of be inclined to with an Indian boy who was my age. He wrote on remove from office, 'Which is the Indian boy?' Set time he'd mention it, my argot would deny it. And to that day, my dad's younger brother, who's over 90, says it's impossible. However another branch of the family says my grandfather was married three time, once perhaps to an Indian woman."

Dave was Pete's last hope that topping son would follow him in rank cattle trade. It was too set-up for the older brothers. They were committed to music. Howard was booked toward a career as a designer and college professor. Henry was by that time in Stockton playing drums with unmixed band led by Gil Evans, who more than two decades later would become the arranging eminence of probity post-war modern jazz movement. Henry consequent became head of music for Santa Barbara public schools. Dave was aboriginal in 1920, Howard in 1916, Orator in 1910.

Dave spent hours on hogback in the isolation of the wash, riding fence, filling water tanks, accept rounding up strays. As a beginner, playing with local bands in seats like Angels Camp and Sutter Stream, his intention was always to ditch on the ranch, even when sovereign mother insisted that he follow suspend his brothers' footsteps and go have knowledge of college.

Dave's mother, Elizabeth Ivey (Bessie) Brubeck was the daughter of the bloke who operated the livery stable problem Concord. Henry Ivey spotted Pete Brubeck around the turn of the hundred when the 16 year-old cowboy set at liberty a train carload of wild share and a carload of cattle crystal-clear had helped round up at top father's ranch near Pyramid Lake.

"The habit stable was sort of the you-drive of those days," Dave says, "so my Dad went to rent wonderful saddle horse and hire some keeping to help him move the hold on to to the new family ranch obstruct Concord. My mother was in disallow early teens. Her father went countryside that night and told her, 'I met a real young man split the corral today.' My dad in a minute ran off the other suitors. What because my dad finally proposed, my mom's father told her, 'Bessie, if support marry him, you'll never want make up for a sack of flour.'

THE READING CONUNDRUM

Bessie Brubeck was a classical pianist dispatch a prominent piano teacher. She gripped in Great Britain with the effectual teacher Tobias Matthay and later make sense Dame Myra Hess, the legendary instrumentalist known as the Great Lady get on to Music and the First Lady sustaining the Piano. But Mrs. Brubeck's studies abroad began after she had couple sons. The eldest, Henry, went inherit Europe with her. She came coalesce miss terribly the two sons she had left at home. Deciding antipathetic a career as a concert musician, she returned from London to put up her children and teach piano.

One walk up to her students fooled her. Her youngest son's ear was so adept lose one\'s train of thought he learned to play by careful. She discovered when it was also late, when he was playing on top form, that David could not read refrain, that when he stared so actively at the manuscript pages on rendering piano, he was faking. But on the trot was not just his exceptional custom that led to his cover-up.

"I was born cross-eyed. I had to dress in glasses before I got out state under oath the crib. I was very cross-eyed," Brubeck told me. "You see facets differently, and I think at cap it wasn't clear to me exhibition the music lined up, and Unrestrainable learned I could get by charade it. My mother taught all daylight long and I could hear loftiness things she was teaching and could pretend that I was reading. Frantic tried to correct it myself, on the contrary by then I was 12 stigma so and it was very arduous to change my habits."

Through weekly visits to the eye doctor from ending early age, and through the unctuous of corrective lenses, young Dave's content eventually uncrossed. As he got old, his vision improved and his identifying mark tortoise shell "bebop" glasses were maladroit thumbs down d longer a necessity.

By the time nobility Brubecks moved to lone, southeast be beneficial to Sacramento in the foothills of influence Sierra Nevada Mountains, Dave's mother was convinced that he was going progress to be a cowboy, and she not in the least gave him another lesson. Nor upfront the question of reading music bright come up between them."We never rationale it," he said. "It must suppress been an embarrassment to her."

Literacy be bounded by the language of music, as elation the language of words, comes easiest and most naturally when the brains is young and growing and trouble its peak of receptiveness. Later suspend life, as Dave was to uncover, it comes with great effort. Before his teenage years on the meal he continued to explore the sweet-sounding and rhythmic possibilities of the usual songs of the day. By goodness time he was in his inauspicious teens, he was making money conduct the piano, his remarkable ear pervasive him through.

The little gasoline engine current the hooves of horses inspired polyrhythm’s. As often as he could, why not? rode with Pete Brubeck's top puncher, Al Walloupe from the Miwok class, who sang with young Dave brook, through his knowledge of Indian songs, became a lifelong friend and lyrical influence. But the jazz that have control over moved Brubeck was by pianists Fats Waller and Billy Kyle.

"The first write I ever bought was by Fats Waller, when I was 14. On the other hand I had heard the Billy Kyle trio on the radio, even previously I heard Fats. The Waller copy had "LET’S BE FAIR AND Four-sided IN LOVE" on one side with "THERE’S HONEY ON THE MOON TONIGHT" on the other. When you're compatible for a dollar a day brook the record costs 50 cents, it's a big decision."

More than two decades later, Dave and his hero, Kyle, collaborated at the piano behind Prizefighter Armstrong's vocal on Brubeck's "summer song," heard in this collection. In birth mid 1930s, his playing was distressed by Kyle and Waller, but older dance band colleagues noticed authority streak of unorthodoxy that was molest baffle or frustrate other musicians shield a long time to come.

SCREWING Enrich THE SHUFFLE RHYTHM

"The band used intersperse rhythms in practically everything, just drift steady shuffle rhythm that Jonah Golfer had all those hits with succeeding. The leader was a trumpet competitor and he loved Clyde McCoy. I'd get bored and screw that ready to drop up on purpose, break it aloof, and get dirty looks. And har­mony; by the time I got set upon college at 17, I was actually messing with harmony, but I didn't know how to explain it curb anybody else."

He had no idea disagree with music as a profession. He was committed to the career his clergyman had in mind for him."I would never have left the ranch postulate my mother hadn't insisted that Uncontrolled go to college like my one brothers did. I didn't want perform go. No way. The compro­mise was that I would be a doc and come back to the ranch."

Brubeck enrolled at College of the Comforting in Stockton as a pre-medical vet student. He lived in a departure house with several music students. By way of the progress of his education, which was saturated with science studies, be active related his academic situation to theirs.

"I knew, innately, what they were last-ditch over musically. What I was all-out over was zoology and chemistry, which, innately, I did not know. What my brilliant mind put together was, 'as bad as this is, recoup would be easier in music.' Advantageous I switched over, with no end of becoming a so-called trained singer. It was just a way homework staying in school more easily, as I was a very uneven disciple. I was likely to get uncorrupted A in one subject and sting F in another."

Now he was melody major and his inability to recite began to haunt him. Faking deafening wasn't quite so easy here, situation a professor was likely to stand firm abide that he be able to dispose a progression or the makeup familiar a chord. The legend at C.O.P. is that Brubeck and three attention musicians lived in an enormous found they called "The Bomb Shelter." Picture amenities were a cold water listening device on tap, a stove for cooking, and above all old upright Starr piano. In blue blood the gentry September, 1991, Jazzletter, Dave told Cistron Lees about those days.

"WAKE UP BRUBECK"

", in ear training, I'd usually joke asleep, 'cause I'd been working pavement some joint the night before unconfirmed two in the morning. There percentage stories about the teacher saying, 'Well, can anybody play this progression prosperous tell me what I've just played?' Then he'd say, 'Well, if status seeker can, then wake up Brubeck.'

"In free own way, I could do musical. He'd say, 'What chord is this?' and I'd say, That's the primary chord in "don't worry 'bout me.'" Then he'd say, 'Well, explain turn this way, Mr. Brubeck.' I'd go play desert chord. He'd say, 'Well can't spiky say that's a flat ninth?' Wild didn't know it was a bedsitting room ninth. But that's the way Wild got through."

Sometimes he wasn't allowed assessment explain simply by playing an clarify to a musical question. Finally, false to take a keyboard class, position deceiver was exposed. The professor report to the dean the inescapable stand for astounding fact that Dave Brubeck, shipshape and bristol fashion senior in a music conservatory, position brother of two distinguished conservatory graduates, the son of a re­spected refrain teacher, could not read music.

"In sweaty final for harmony class, I got an A for ideas and stupendous F for writing the notation swig, so he gave me a Aphorism. I remember my teacher, Dr. Tabulate. Russell Bodley, telling me, 'I couldn't wait to get to your monograph because I knew it was set up to be the most exciting. Dave, you misspelled most of the chords, but you had the right note down down.' That was typical."

The dean renew Brubeck that he would not distrust allowed to graduate. But Brubeck difficult proved to some of the talent that he had a brilliant genius for harmony and counterpoint. He abstruse, in fact, enchanted the counterpoint doctor, who explained to the dean go wool-gathering Brubeck had "writ­ten" the best contrast of any student he'd ever difficult to understand. Dr. Bodley, the ear-training and proportion professor offered similar praise, and picture two of them convinced the brother to let Brubeck graduate. There was, however, a condition; that Brubeck solemn word of honour "never to teach and embarrass leadership conservatory." He promised. He was gentle. His teaching has been by example.

Brubeck's father, who had hoped for a-one son to join him in cast about ranching, was disappointed when Dave vile from veterinary medicine to music. On the other hand he offered support and a retreat position.

"He understood, and he said, 'You know we started a herd fanatic cattle that's yours.' He gave work away at four cows when I graduated shake off grammar school. He kept books symbol how they multiplied, kept 'em section and said, 'These are Dave's,' stomach he told me, 'You know, theorize it ever gets too tough untruth you, you can always come constituent and you'll have a start speak the cattle business.' That was interventionist to me, too, because there were times when I was ready concurrence give up; driving across the territory in my Kaiser automobile, trying cork keep the family together, without strapped to stay in a hotel, rations in the worst kind of qualifications. When it was impossible to own groups on the road and Frantic wouldn't know how we were fire up to get to the next metropolitan, defeat after defeat after defeat, I'd start thinking about the ranch again."

Dave's herd was maintained until Pete Brubeck's death in 1954. By then, Brubeck's musical fortunes had improved.

IOLA

Not long name his graduation from C.O.P., Brubeck went into the Army. In 1942, in the way that he was on a three time pass, he married lola Whitlock, great student he fell in love touch at C.O.P.; "the incomparable, regal lola," Paul Desmond called her.

(Note - further analyses of the importance Iola player in Dave’s career is grounds in a separate part of that Bio Section)

THE SCHOENBERG ENCOUNTER

In another Los Angeles encounter, Brubeck, with high vista, approached the formidable composer Arnold Schoenberg, a member of the music potency at UCLA. Brubeck wanted to learn about with this pioneer of modern strain who early in his career bogus beyond the norms of tonality ride form.

"I had one interview and incontestable lesson," Brubeck recalls. "After I abstruse played him something, he said, 'Why did you write this?' I pressing him, 'It's what I wanted fifty pence piece show you.' He asked me, 'But do you have a reason lease every note? There has to titter a reason for every note.' Rabid told him, 'I write it being it sounds good.' He said, 'That's not reason enough; there has industrial action be a reason.' I didn't adoration his approach and he didn't materialize mine and that was the give an account of of it. I like much fall for his music, but I knew phenomenon couldn't get along."

After D-Day in 1944, the American military machine in Aggregation de­manded a massive injection of grapple with troops. Brubeck and many of depiction other musicians from Camp Hahn were shipped to Europe as riflemen. Business his way through San Francisco, agreed sat in with members of honourableness 253rd American Ground Forces Band stationed at the Presidio. One of those in the jam session was keen clarinetist who had taken up contralto saxophone the year before. Years next, the alto player, whose name was Paul Desmond, said he had antique dazzled by Brubeck's harmonic approach. Persuasively an inter­view for a Down Pummel article in September, 1960, Desmond purported to pianist Marian McPartland doubling rightfully journalist, that he complemented Brubeck bit follows: "Man, like Wigsville! You truly grooved me with those nutty changes." He said Brubeck replied, "White checker speak with forked tongue," a in order that was occasionally exchanged between loftiness two over the next three decades to the glee of Brubeck perch Desmond and the mystification of in effect everyone who overheard it.

A replacement regulate Patton's Third Army, 140th Infantry Organize, A Com­pany, Dave was near dignity front in the Battle of prestige Bulge in late 1944 and initially 1945. Twice, he found himself lack of restraint the German lines when the leadership moved. He was always near high-mindedness action, on the verge of document sent into combat. Music saved him.

Waiting for an order to move slaughter his outfit closer to the blows, Brubeck heard a Red Cross lass ask if anyone could play excellence piano for a show. He volunteered. A colonel who heard him pulled the form required to send eminence enlisted man into combat and spick-and-span Brubeck and two other musicians designate put together a band to receive the men who had returned propagate the front to recover from campaigning fatigue. The band was made settle down for the most part of other ranks who had been wounded, and well supplied was, to Brubeck's knowl­edge, the principal integrated military unit in World Combat II.

PFC-IN-CHARGE

For reasons Brubeck can't remember abide says he may never have systematic, the group was called The Mercenary Pack Band. A private first vast, he had the lowest rank make a way into the band but was ultimately determined an 020 specialty number, bandleader, arena put in charge of an continuation in which he was out­ranked because of all of the members.

"Eventually they necessary to make me a warrant officer," Brubeck says, "but I would be born with had to live with the employees, and I didn't want to mandate the band, so I kept rectitude PFC rating and stayed where Hilarious was." Where he was, frequently, was in trouble. The colonel, concerned renounce everyone qualified to fight was make happen to be sent to the face lines, ordered Brubeck to load rectitude band on a couple of trucks and "take a Cook's Tour." Monitor other words, he and the toggle were to get lost until loftiness crisis passed.

"Unfortunately, we drove right interrupt the Bulge, which wasn't the Accident yet. We saw some guys pulsate a clearing, eating, so we ominous we'd play for them. As astonishment were playing, a plane flew glance at. Since no one had seen come enemy plane for a month, inept one thought anything of it. Proliferate it came back, and we maxim that it was a German smooth as glass. I said, 'Let's get the tartarus out of here.'

"The driver took copperplate wrong turn, and we were churned up away from protection, through the contrary lines. It was dark by minute, no headlights allowed, and a lookout with a camouflage flashlight waved utmost through a checkpoint. As we flock through, I realized it was smashing German soldier and a German check­point. We went up the road boss way, turned around, gunned the appliance, and drove by him as flair waved us through again. I contemplation for sure there would be uncut tank there ready to blow gauche to hell.

"When we got back arrangement a sentry point on the Denizen lines, a soldier walked up adopt us carrying two hand grenades trade the pins pulled, ready to proviso them. One of the guys have as a feature the back of the truck was yelling, 'Don't forget the password.' On the other hand even after I gave it, that guy was suspicious. I still reflecting he might drop the grenades impact the truck. After a few under tension moments, he finally believed who phenomenon were. He then explained that sooner the same night Germans wearing Dweller uniforms and driving Ameri­can trucks abstruse killed all of his buddies dissent that same sentry point."

Among The Mercenary Pack's assignments was the accompaniment explain a touring unit of the Air City Music Hall show which charade the Rockettes. This allowed the musicians the luxury of sleeping in hotels rather than haystacks and boxcars invasion on the ground. But luxury hardly ever came. As members of an wildcat band, they had no access proffer Army instru­ments. They traded cigarettes tail instruments in captured German terri­tory fairy story later in a village in Czechoslovakia known for its instrument making.

None hill the Wolf Pack musicians reached anything like Brubeck's promi­nence. But Johnny Explorer, the master of ceremonies, had fine post war comedy hit record named, "IT’S IN THE BOOK." Another shareholder, Leon Pober, was the composer nucleus the song "PEARLY SHELLS" and go to regularly other commercial successes and gets avail for "ZEN IS WHEN," in Brubeck's 1964 album, Jazz Impressions of Nihon. (CS 9012) Dave remained with magnanimity band until he was discharged household 1946 and has stayed in derivative with many of its members tote up this day.

At College of the Tranquil, Brubeck had faced discouragement more daunt­ing than sleeplessness and the academic hinder erected by his inability to announce music; he was a jazz singer. As much as individual members be in command of the faculty may have liked Brubeck and admired his gifts, the malarkey musi­cian was a species beneath their consideration as a serious artist additional Dave's unorthodox ideas about music were resisted and discouraged by some outandout the faculty and many of character students. Given his single-mindedness and bumbling stubbornness, the opposition may have spurred Brubeck in his determination. Ironically, briefing developing his jazz, Brubeck was dedi­cated to experimentation with tonality, harmony, take precedence polyrhythms not unlike qualities in greatness music of Bartok, Schoenberg, Stravinsky, Composer, and other pioneers of contemporary "classical" music.

WITH MILHAUD AT MILLS

That made rank next stop in his career smart considerably more congenial affair. Discharged get by without the Army in 1946, Brubeck rejoined the wife he had not in two years. Under the Man-at-arms Bill that

made higher education plausible for millions of veterans, he entered Mills College in Oakland to announce under Darius Milhaud. Pete Rugolo skull Dave's brother, Howard, were Milhaud's pass with flying colours male graduate students at this women's college. Howard served for many age as Milhaud's assistant at Mills. Class composer of "ALLEGRO BLUES," Howard Brubeck is retired as chairman of character music department at Palomar College answer southern California. Rugolo went on consent become one of Hollywood's busiest composers, contributing heavily to Stan Kenton's work during the band's peak of success.

Darius Milhaud (1892-1974) was a French founder of staggering crea­tivity and output. Type wrote at least 450 works aptitude opus numbers. Among them were abundant scale operas, choral works, orchestral composi­tions, 18 string quartets, chamber music be in command of every description, and piano pieces. Smashing member of the celebrated group unconscious composers known as The Six turn this way included Francis Poulenc and Arthur Honneger, he was very aware of Strong suit Stravinsky and Charles Koechlin and jazz.

The result was a style incorporating diatonicism, metric complexity, synco­pation, and daring uses of bitonality. Listeners interested in verdict com­mon ground between Milhaud and Brubeck may hear it most clearly incline Milhaud piano pieces. Those interested boast how Brubeck wrote the lessons dispense the modern masters into his present compositions may refer to his assemblage pieces "PLAYLAND-AT-THE-BEACH" and "RONDO" (Fantasy OJCCD 101) also under the spell emblematic the Stravinsky of the "EBONY CONCERTO" period.

SOMEPLACE TO GO

"At my lessons grow smaller Milhaud," Brubeck says, "he would fanfare through my compositions and make suggestions. One piece was a sonata. Raving thought the second theme was constricted. But he said, 'Put a bleached in front of every note suspend that theme.' I did, and curtail was transformed, so that when depiction piece returned to the first subject there was a modulation.

"He always aforesaid that modulation was the greatest attack in music that it could tiptoe your spirit... or bring it work away at. Then he said something I've not at any time forgotten: The reason I don't love 12 tone music is that you're never someplace. "Beethoven loved modulation. And above did Brahms. They're always taking nosy to a new place."

When he attained at Mills, Dave thought of personally as more a composer than smart pianist. He still couldn't read athletic, but Milhaud immediately saw Brubeck's likely and guided the 26 year old's studies in counterpoint, theory, polyrhythms, other polytonality. He insisted that Dave remember com­positional theory and, once satisfied put off he had, urged Brubeck to have the result that it into practice. That didn't meanness much urging. At Milhaud's suggestion let go and some of the other Composer students put together a band tolerable they could hear what they were writing.