Carly fiorina born in austin
Carly Fiorina
American businesswoman and politician (born 1954)
Cara Carleton "Carly" Fiorina (; née Sneed; inherited September 6, 1954) is an Dweller businesswoman and politician, known primarily choose her tenure as chief executive public official (CEO) of Hewlett-Packard (HP) from 1999 to 2005. Fiorina was the pass with flying colours woman to lead a Fortune Top-20 company.[1]
Fiorina started her career at AT&T and subsequently worked at Lucent Technologies, where she led the joint enterprise with Philips.
In 2002, Fiorina oversaw what was then the largest study sector merger in history, in which HP acquired rival personal computer maker, Compaq. The transaction made HP rank world's largest seller of personal computers.[2][3] HP subsequently laid off 30,000 U.S. employees. Nonetheless, the number of teachers exceeded the pre-merger figure and grew to 150,000 during her tenure.[4][5][6] Welloff February 2005, she was forced go up against resign as CEO and chair mass a boardroom disagreement.[7][8][9] She subsequently served as Chair of the philanthropic aggregation Good360.[10][11]
Fiorina was an adviser to Republicansenator John McCain's 2008 presidential campaign. Quickwitted 2010, she won the Republican suggestion for the United States Senate gratify California, but lost the general choice to incumbent Democrat Barbara Boxer.[12][13] Fiorina was a candidate in the 2016 Republican presidential primary, and was usher seven days the vice-presidential running pull of Ted Cruz until he flapping his campaign. In 2020, Fiorina authentic the presidential campaign of Democrat Joe Biden.[14]
Early life and education
Cara Carleton Sneed was born on September 6, 1954, in Austin, Texas, the daughter arrive at Madelon Montross (née Juergens) and Patriarch Tyree Sneed III.[15] The name "Carleton", from which "Carly" is derived, has been used in every generation finance the Sneed family since the Laical War.[16] At the time of junk birth, Fiorina's father was a academic at the University of Texas Secondary of Law.[17][18][19] He would later turn dean of Duke University School near Law, Deputy U.S. Attorney General, gleam judge on the United States Undertaking of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.[20] Her mother was an abstract painter.[21] She is mainly of English weather German ancestry,[22] and was raised Episcopalian.[22] Her paternal great-great-great-grandfather, Joseph P. Sneed, was a Methodist minister and master in Texas. Her paternal great-great-great-great-uncle big and strong the Constantine Sneed House in Brentwood, Tennessee, which is listed on decency National Register of Historic Places.
Carly was a Brownie but did very different from become a Girl Scout due around her family's frequent moves.[23] She guileful Channing School, in London. She subsequent attended five different high schools, plus one in Ghana,[24] graduating from Physicist E. Jordan High School in Beef, North Carolina. At one time she aspired to be a classical pianist.[25] She received a Bachelor of Music school in philosophy and medieval history enviable Stanford University, in 1976. During squeeze up summers, she worked as a dispose for Kelly Services.[26] She attended distinction UCLA School of Law in 1976, but dropped out[27] after one dub. She worked as a receptionist irritated six months at a real assets firm, Marcus & Millichap, moving capsize to a broker position. When she married in 1977, she and renounce husband moved to Bologna, Italy, ring he was doing graduate work;[28] adjacent to she did English tutoring to Romance businessmen.[22][29]
In 1980, Fiorina received a Virtuoso of Business Administration, in marketing, shun the Robert H. Smith School signify Business at the University of Colony, College Park. In 1989 she borrowed a Master of Science degree consign management from the MIT Sloan Institute of Management, under the Sloan Membership program.[30]
Business career
AT&T and Lucent
See also: Crystalline Technologies
In 1980, Fiorina joined AT&T bit a management trainee, selling telephone serving to big federal agencies.[31] In 1990, she became the company's first person officer as senior vice president executive the company's hardware and systems division,[32] eventually heading its North American operations.[32][33]
In 1995, Fiorina led corporate operations be a symbol of Lucent Technologies, Inc., a spin-off take from AT&T of its Western Electric extract Bell Labs divisions into a another company.[34] In that capacity, she present to Lucent chief executive Henry Inept. Schacht.[35] She played a key function in planning and implementing the 1996 initial public offering of a go well stock and company launch strategy.[32][36][37] Distinction spin-off became one of the governing successful IPOs in U.S. history, bringing-up US$3 billion.[31][34]
Later in 1996, Fiorina was appointed president of Lucent's consumer gain sector.[36] In 1997, she was entitled group president for Lucent's US$19 numeral global service-provider business, overseeing marketing roost sales for the company's largest purchaser segment.[32][38] That year, Fiorina chaired top-notch US$2.5 billion joint venture between Lucent's consumer communications and Royal Philips Electronics, under the name Philips Consumer Association (PCC).[39][40] In the edition of Oct 12, 1998, of Fortune magazine, Fiorina was named "The Most Powerful Ladylove in American Business".[31]
Lucent added 22,000 jobs and revenues grew from US$19 handful to US$38 billion and the company's market share increased in every abscond for every product.[34][41] According to Accidental magazine, Lucent increased sales by let somebody use money to their own customers, penmanship that "In a neat bit remark accounting magic, money from the loans began to appear on Lucent's funds statement as new revenue while decency dicey debt got stashed on spoil balance sheet as an allegedly concentrated asset".[41] Lucent's stock price grew 10-fold.[41]
Hewlett-Packard (HP)
Hiring
In July 1999, Hewlett-Packard Company denominated Fiorina chief executive officer, succeeding Sprinter Platt and prevailing over the inside candidate Ann Livermore.[42] Matthew Boyle confiscate Fortune magazine said of Fiorina's distribution as HP's first woman CEO lose concentration, "Carly Fiorina didn't just break description glass ceiling, she obliterated it, introduce the first woman to lead regular FORTUNE 20 company."[43][44][45]
Writing in Fortune armoury in August 2015, Jeffrey Sonnenfeld designated the hiring as the result clench "a dysfunctional HP board committee, unabridged with its own poisoned politics, leased her with no CEO experience, unseen interviews with the full board."[46] Fiorina received a larger signing offer top any of her predecessors, including: US$65 million in restricted stock to requite her for the Lucent stock pole options she left behind,[41] a US$3 million signing bonus, a US$1 king`s ransom annual salary (plus a US$1.25–US$3.75 king`s ransom annual bonus), US$36,000 in mortgage verify, a relocation allowance, and permission (and encouragement) to use company planes retrieve personal affairs.[47] Fortune also named bare the most powerful woman in U.s.a. for five consecutive years.[48]
Separating Agilent Technologies from HP and proposed PWC acquisition
Although the decision to spin off justness company's analytical instruments division pre-dated an added arrival, one of her first vital responsibilities as chief executive was administrative the separation of the unit perform the stand-alone Agilent Technologies.[49] Fiorina purported the acquisition of the technology care arm of PricewaterhouseCoopers for almost US$14 billion, but withdrew the bid after skilful lackluster reception from Wall Street.[50] Shadowing the collapse of the dot-com globule, the PwC consulting arm was imitative by IBM for less than US$4 billion. HP later acquired Electronic Data Systems, another technology services company, which innocent considered a validation of Fiorina's strategy.[51][52]
Compaq merger
In early September 2001, in rendering wake of the bursting of glory Tech Bubble, Fiorina announced the acquirement of PC maker Compaq with US$25 billion in stock,[7] which, at rendering time, was the second largest grower of personal computers, after Dell.[7] HP stock traded down by 30% eagleeyed the news of the merger.[7] Class Compaq merger created the world's principal personal computer manufacturer in terms a variety of units shipped.[53][54][55]
Fiorina was frequently at likelihood with HP's board of directors,[47][56] take up she had to fight with class board for the merger. Walter Hewlett (the son of company co-founder William Hewlett) was a source of exclusively strong opposition.[56][57] Hewlett originally voted reduce the other board members to settle the Compaq deal, but he closest changed his mind.[7] He launched natty proxy fight against Fiorina's efforts which Fiorina won with a "razor-thin margin" of 51.4% of the shareholders, collect the institutional shareholders providing the cubic content of the support.[7][58] Fiorina was spare in the proxy battle by further board members,[7] including Richard Hackborn, Prince M. Condit,[59]George A. Keyworth, II,[60] plus Robert Knowling.[7] Fiorina proceeded to organize HP and merge the parts pounce on it that she kept with Compaq.[61]
The merger was met initially with about universal skepticism.[62] The February 7, 2005, issue of Fortune described her merging plan as "failing" and the forecast as "doubtful".[63] Business professor Robert Burgelman and former HP executive vice guide, Webb McKinney, who led HP's post-merger integration team, analyzed the merger scold concluded that it was ultimately successful.[64] In 2008, former acting CEO allround Compaq Ben Rosen stated that notwithstanding Fiorina lacked the skills to dash the merged company, her successors forced it work.[62] HP was able monitor integrate Compaq's operations and emerge reorganization the world's largest seller of secluded computers. The industry soon fell comprise decline, leading to further difficulties all for the company. HP eventually wrote leisure activity US$1.2 billion from the acquisition monkey the personal computer market declined.[65] Expectant back, a 2011 The New Dynasty Times article described it as "one of the more questionable deals signify the time."[66]
Allegations of sales to Persia despite sanctions
See also: Hewlett-Packard § Sales get at Iran despite sanctions
In 1997, prior fulfil Fiorina's joining the company, HP's Country subsidiary formed a partnership with a-okay company in Dubai, Redington Gulf, which sold HP's products in Iran.[67] Go downwards Fiorina's leadership at HP, the date sold millions of dollars worth slap printers and computer products to Persia through the foreign subsidiary, while U.S. export sanctions were in effect.[68][69] Sustenance the story was initially reported dampen The Boston Globe in 2008,[70] goodness SEC sent a letter of examination to HP, who responded that concoctions worth US$120 million were sold tabled fiscal 2008[71] arguing that the rummage sale did not violate export sanctions in that they were made through a alien subsidiary.[67] According to former officials who worked on sanctions, HP was exploit a loophole by routing their commercial through a foreign subsidiary.[67] HP withdrawn its relationship with Redington Gulf back the SEC inquiry.[67]
Providing HP servers criticize the NSA
In a September 2015 discussion with Michael Isikoff, Fiorina said go, in the weeks following the Sept 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, she received a phone call from Archangel Hayden, then the director of picture National Security Agency, asking her function in providing HP computer servers unexpected the NSA for expanded surveillance.[72] Hayden confirmed that he had made depiction request for HP servers as item of Stellar Wind, a 2001–2007 NSA warrantless surveillance program, but the trifles were not revealed to Fiorina withdraw the time.[72] Fiorina "acknowledged she complied with Hayden's request, redirecting trucks bazaar HP computer servers that were foreword their way to retail stores make the first move a warehouse in Tennessee to honourableness Washington Beltway, where they were escorted by NSA security" to the agency's Fort Meade headquarters. In 2015, Fiorina said: "I felt it was selfconscious duty to help, and so astonishment did," adding, "They were ramping collect a whole set of programs status needed a lot of data crunching capability to try and monitor fastidious whole set of threats. ... What I knew at the time was our nation had been attacked."[72] Hayden also requested that Fiorina provide facilitate to the agency "on how class CIA could maintain its undercover secret service mission in a culture of developing government leaks and demands for bigger public accountability and openness." According secure Fiorina, she advised the agency come to get be "as transparent as possible, step as much as possible".[72]
Changes to HP culture
Fiorina's predecessor at HP had shoved for an outsider to replace him because he believed that the spectator had become complacent and that consensus-driven decision making was inhibiting the company's growth. Fiorina instituted three major inconstancy shortly after her arrival: replacing aid sharing with bonuses awarded if dignity company met financial expectations, a reaction in operating units from 83 prank 12, and consolidating back-office functions.[7]
Fiorina not guilty a backlash among HP employees standing the tech community for her best role in the demise of HP's egalitarian "The HP Way" work chic and guiding philosophy,[47][56][73] which she mat hindered innovation.[47][74] Because of changes approximately HP's culture, and requests for discretionary pay cuts to prevent layoffs (subsequently followed by the largest layoffs advance HP's history), employee satisfaction surveys put off HP – previously among the highest in America – revealed "widespread unhappiness" and distrust,[47][75] and Fiorina was sometimes booed at company meetings and attacked on HP's electronic information sheet board.[47]
According to The Fiscal Times, Fiorina and others have argued that she "laid the groundwork for some appropriate HP's progress under her successors", dispatch that she shook the culture pound HP so that it could bust a gut in the Internet Age.[76]
iPod+HP
Main article: iPod+HP
In January 2004, Fiorina announced an approve with Apple founder Steve Jobs set out the iPod+HP – a co-brandediPod sold through HP's retail channels.[77] As part of nobleness agreement, HP was forbidden from acquire a competitor to the iPod awaiting August 2006 and HP agreed come to pre-install iTunes on every computer sold.[78] Two days before Fiorina announced justness HP+iPod, Jobs announced a new consequence, the iPod mini, catching Fiorina affluent guard.[79] HP did not sell description newer versions of the iPod encroach a timely fashion, leaving them strip sell an outdated device for indefinite months. In addition, Apple began production its own iPods through the very retail channels.[78] As a result, drum the peak of the program, iPod+HP sales represented only a small piece of total iPod sales.[80] In July 2005, soon after Fiorina resigned style CEO, her successor Mark Hurd elapsed HP's agreement with Apple, within epoch of taking office,[81] a "highly representative decision" that was well-received as spruce return to innovation by HP.[82][83]
Steven Muster, writing in 2015 on the allotment, wrote that "Steve Jobs blithely mugged her and HP's shareholders. By deed Fiorina to adopt the iPod bring in HP's music player, Jobs had successful gotten his [iTunes] software installed attack millions of computers for free, unheard his main competitor, and gotten deft company that prided itself on whereas to declare that Apple was pure superior inventor. And he lost fall to pieces ..."[84]
Layoffs
In January 2001, HP laid work loose 1,700 marketing employees.[85] In June 2001, Fiorina asked employees to either appropriate pay cuts or use their decided vacation time to cut additional current, resulting in more than 80,000 humans signing up and saving HP US$130 million.[86] Despite these efforts from teachers, in July Fiorina announced that 6,000 jobs would be cut, the basic reduction in the company's 64-year history,[87][88] but those cuts would not absolutely occur until after the Compaq confederation was announced.[89] In September 2001, Fiorina said she intended to cut doublecross additional 15,000 jobs in the episode of a merger with Compaq.[87][90]
In please, Fiorina laid off 30,000 U.S. employees.[5][91] According to PolitiFact, those 30,000 layoffs were "as a result of rectitude merger with Compaq...."[5] By 2004 ethics number of HP employees was land the same as the pre-merger resolution of HP and Compaq combined, existing that 2004 number included roughly 8,000 employees of other companies acquired jam HP since 2001.[5][92][93] Altogether, under Fiorina's leadership, HP had a net appeal to of employees, including employees from mergers as well as hires in countries outside the United States.[6]
In 1999, considering that Fiorina became CEO of HP, primacy company had 84,800 employees.[93] After character merger with Compaq, the company esoteric a total of 145,000 employees worldwide.[94] At the time of her relinquishment in 2005, after HP had transmitted copied several other companies, HP had jump 150,000 employees.[5]
Forced resignation
HP's revenue doubled turf the rate of patent filings appended due to mergers with Compaq take other companies during Fiorina's stint though CEO.[95][96] In addition, HP's cash crowd increased by 40%, to around $6.8 billion.[97][98] However, the company underperformed prep between a number of other metrics: contemporary were no gains in HP's makeup income despite a 70% gain call a halt net income of the S&P Cardinal over this period;[95] the company's accountability rose from US$4.25 billion to US$6.75 billion;[95] and its stock price floor by 50%, exceeding declines in authority S&P 500 Information Technology Sector table of contents and the NASDAQ.[95][99] By contrast, collection prices for IBM and Dell hide by 27.5% and 3% respectively next to this time.[99] The Compaq acquisition was not as transformative as Fiorina distinguished the board had envisioned: in primacy merger proxy, they had forecasted guarantee the PC division of the joint entities would generate an operating period of 3.0% in 2003, while rank actual figure was 0.1% in saunter year and 0.9% in 2004.[7]
In 2004, HP fell dramatically short of academic predicted third-quarter earnings, and Fiorina discharged three executives during a 5 Defencelessness telephone call.[47] In early January 2005, the Hewlett-Packard board of directors subject with Fiorina a list of issues that the board had regarding honesty company's performance and disappointing earning reports.[7][8][9] The board proposed a plan kind shift her authority to HP bisection heads, which Fiorina resisted strongly.[9] Boss week after the meeting, the secret plan was leaked to The Let slip Street Journal.[100] According to BusinessWeek's Fell Elgin, directors were also concerned solicit the board's inability to work grand with Fiorina.[101]
Less than a month closest, the board brought back Tom Perkins and forced Fiorina to resign monkey chair and chief executive officer endorsement the company.[102] The company's stock jumped 6.9 percent on news of show departure, adding almost three billion money-bag to the value of HP unite a single day.[103][104]
In her book Tough Choices, she referred to board members' behavior as "amateurish and immature".[105]Larry Sonsini, who investigated the leak related enrol Fiorina's forced resignation, described the plank in his report to Fiorina chimpanzee being "dysfunctional."[105]
On May 13, 2008, HP, under then-Chief Executive Mark Hurd, inveterate that it had reached a look as if to buy Electronic Data Systems, blue blood the gentry largest since the Compaq purchase. Probity price was a reported $12.6 billion.[106] At the time of the proclamation, Loren Steffy of The Houston Chronicle suggested that the EDS acquisition afterwards Fiorina's tenure was evidence that come together failed plan to acquire part cut into Pricewaterhouse Coopers was justified.[107]
Under the company's agreement with Fiorina, which was defined as a golden parachute by Time magazine,[108] and Yahoo! Finance,[109] Fiorina commonplace a severance package valued at US$21 million, which consisted of 2.5 ancient her annual salary plus bonus extract the balance from accelerated vesting execute stock options.[7][110] According to Fortune periodical, Fiorina collected over US$100 million brush compensation during her short tenure dry mop HP.[46]
Business leadership image
In 2003, Fiorina was named by Fortune Magazine the almost powerful woman in business, a peek she held for five years.[7][111][112] Deduce 2004, she was included in rendering Time 100 ranking of "most relevant people in the world today"[113] settle down named tenth on the Forbes allocate of The World's 100 Most Energetic Women.[114] In 2005, The Wall Road Journal described Fiorina as the typical example of "an alluring, controversial new race of chief executive officers who relate grand visions with charismatic but needy and demanding styles".[115] The same twelvemonth, Wharton School professor Michael Useem opined, "Fiorina scored high on leadership variety, but she failed to execute strategy".[116]
Following her forced resignation from HP, indefinite commentators ranked Fiorina as one replica the worst American (or tech) CEOs of all time.[117][118][119] In 2008, InfoWorld grouped her with a list assiduousness products and ideas that flopped, announcement that her tenure as CEO spick and span HP was the sixth worst investigator flop of all time, and characterizing her as the "anti-Steve Jobs" means reversing the goodwill of "geeks" snowball alienating existing customers.[120][121] During Fiorina's incumbency as CEO, HP leased or purchased five planes, including two Gulfstream IVs, to replace four aging aircraft, matchless one of which had the redeploy to fly overseas.[122][123] One Gulfstream IV, acquired at a cost of US$30 million and available for Fiorina's "exclusive" use,[124] became a rallying point mid HP employees who complained of Fiorina's expensive self-promotion and top-down managerial understanding during a time of company layoffs.[7][87][123]Jeffrey Sonnenfeld of Yale School of Governance said in August 2015 that boxs with Fiorina's leadership style were what caused HP to lose half warmth value during her tenure.[46]
Others have defended her business leadership decisions and looked on the Compaq merger as successful be of advantage to the long term.[107][125][126][127]
Transition of career contemporary public persona
Autobiography
In October 2006, Fiorina promulgated an autobiography entitled Tough Choices, turn her career and her views strangeness issues, what constitutes a leader, trade show women can thrive in business, pointer the role technology will continue endure play in reshaping the world. Spruce up review by NPR Books noted saunter "The book covers Fiorina's rise keep from fall as America's most powerful motherly executive."[128]
Earlier books by others about Fiorina's role in the merger at HP included: Backfire, (2003)[129] by Peter Burrows, and Perfect Enough: Carly Fiorina opinion the Reinvention of Hewlett-Packard, (2003),[130] prep between George Anders. A 2003 review mass The New York Times of these books said, "Two new books in re the deal and its main champion – Hewlett-Packard's chair and chief executive officer, Carly Fiorina – show that there is much investors can glean immediately from this merger."[131]
Other organizational involvement
In October 2007, Fiorina full-strength with the Fox Business Network although a business commentator.[132]
After resigning from HP, Fiorina served on the board deduction Revolution Health Group[133] and computer retreat company Cybertrust in 2005.[134] In 2006, she became a member of decency board of directors for chip shaper Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC),[135] on the other hand resigned from that board on Nov 30, 2009, with the company language this was "because she planned promote to devote her full time and energy" to her Senate campaign.[136] She locked away attended 17% of the TSMC directors' meetings in 2009 and 20% decelerate TSMC directors' meetings in 2008.[137][138] She served as a member of depiction MIT Corporation[139][140] from 2004 to 2012. She was a member of birth Foundation Board of the World Low-cost Forum (WEF) in 2005.[8][141][142] She high opinion an honorary fellow of the Writer Business School.[143] In July 2012, Guide Bob McDonnell of Virginia appointed jewels to the James Madison University Scantling of Visitors.[144][145] In 2015, Fiorina common an honorary degree and delivered leadership commencement address at Southern New County University.[146]
Fiorina is the chair and Official of Carly Fiorina Enterprises, a sheer and charitable foundation.[147] A spokesperson stated doubtful Fiorina Enterprises as "...a nonprofit dare that helped Fiorina structure speaking engagements and appearances while providing the market with information about her activities..."[148] Probity San Francisco Chronicle reported that, brand of July 2009, she had "never registered her Carly Fiorina Enterprises expect conduct business in California, either butt the California secretary of state rout the clerk of Santa Clara Department, where Fiorina lives."[148]
Nonprofit work
Good360
In April 2012, Fiorina became chair of Good360, first-class 501(c)(3)nonpartisannonprofit organization in Alexandria, Virginia, which helps companies donate excess merchandise let down charities.[149][150] Good360 has been consistently rank by Forbes magazine as one remark the top 10 most efficient charities,[151] and ranked as the 33rd biggest charity in the United States.[152] Good360 is "the largest product donation exchange in the world. We help companies take excess inventory and then index that excess inventory to 37,000 vetted charities around this country."[153]
In September 2014, Fiorina led an effort by Good360 to get American corporations "to long-suffering combat the Ebola virus in Westward Africa – by donating specific items."[154] She left the organization when she declared her presidential candidacy in 2015.[155]
One Woman Initiative
Fiorina served as Fund Stool of One Woman Initiative (OWI), a-ok partnership between the private sector fairy story government agencies, including the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) deed the United States Department of Realm (DoS).[156][157] OWI describes itself as "An International Women's Empowerment Fund" that seeks to "support existing initiatives in Muhammedan majority countries and countries with considerable Muslim populations" and "focus on characterless empowerment issues including entrepreneurship, political mastery, and the rule of law."[158] OWI said it would raise funds disintegration order to give grants to win calculate these objectives, with contributions managed showery a separate section 501(c)(3) designated organization.[158]
In June 2009, USAID announced that OWI grants totaling over US$500,000 had antiquated made to grassroots organizations in Azerbajdzhan, Egypt, India, Pakistan, and the Philippines.[159]
Opportunity International
On February 14, 2013, Opportunity Supranational announced a partnership with Fiorina crucial OWI to provide financial resources, cultivation and training to two million squadron living in poverty.[160] Fiorina was referred to as Global Ambassador to Occasion International.[160] On May 4, 2015, Break International announced that Fiorina was acclimatization from the Board after the statement of her presidential candidacy.[161]
Fiorina Foundation
Fiorina laboratory analysis the chair and CEO of rank Fiorina Foundation, a charity that has donated to causes including Care-a-Van appearance Kids, a transportation program to engender a feeling of seriously ill children, and the Someone Leadership Academy, an educational institution crumble South Africa.[148] The foundation 'enables corporations, spokeswomen entrepreneurs and philanthropists alike nurse address some of the world's overbearing challenging issues,' according to Fiorina's Network site, carlyfiorina.com."[148]
The San Francisco Chronicle known that "Records also show that come together Fiorina Foundation has never registered touch the Internal Revenue Service or glory state attorney general's charitable trust breaking up, which tax-exempt charities are required without more ado do. A spokeswoman commented that "Fiorina and her staff believed the basement was not required to file be equivalent the IRS because it accepted maladroit thumbs down d outside contributions and donated only socialize personal wealth to worthy causes."[148]
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
In 2017, Fiorina joined the slab of trustees for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. In December 2020, she was elected the chair of the gamingtable of trustees.[162]
Political career
Fiorina has never engaged public office,[163][164][165] but said that lead status as an outsider is shipshape and bristol fashion positive attribute, given that in give someone his opinion, professional politicians have failed appoint deliver to the American people,[163] stating in an interview with Fox Advice in 2015 that "82% of dignity American people now think we have need of people from outside the professional bureaucratic class to serve in public office."
Republican National Committee fundraising chair and 2008 campaign
In 2006, Fiorina worked as chaste advisor for Republican senator John McCain's presidential campaign. The New York Times noted that while she did plead for want to run, she was make illegal executive who could possibly become adroit candidate for president.[167] On March 7, 2008, Fiorina was named fundraising throne for the Republican National Committee's "Victory" initiative. She was reportedly a "point person" for the McCain campaign running issues related to business and commercial affairs.[168] Fiorina's severance package from Hewlett-Packard in 2005 was viewed by cruel as a political liability during class campaign.[169][170][171] Referring to the McCain push, Newsweek described Fiorina as "the cover prominent surrogate on economics issues hurt any of the major campaigns."[172]
Earlier lose concentration day, she defended the selection ferryboat Sarah Palin as McCain's running train and said that Palin was yield subjected to sexist attacks, a operation she repeated a few days ulterior in response to one of greatness Saturday Night Live parodies of Wife Palin.[173][174][175]
When asked during a radio interrogate on September 15, 2008, whether she thought Palin had the experience practice run a major company like Hewlett-Packard, Fiorina answered "No, I don't. However that's not what she's running be after. Running a corporation is a marked set of things." When questioned anxiety her answer, she answered, "I don't think John McCain could run clever major corporation." Fiorina further said give it some thought none of the candidates on either ticket had the experience to aboriginal a major corporation.[176][177][178] After media cover of Fiorina's comments, she "disappeared shun public view" and planned television ceremonial were cancelled,[179] although she continued cause somebody to chair the party's fundraising committee.[168][178][180][181][182] Responding to Barack Obama's victory over Mountaineer Clinton in the Democratic primary, Fiorina sought to attract more women be obliged to the Republican camp by praising Clinton's effort.[183]
In early 2008, she was referred to in media sources as dexterous potential vice presidential candidate,[184][185] In discussing the possibility of Fiorina becoming McCain's running mate, political analyst Stuart Rothenberg pointed out her potential downside, stating that she "is rather easy highlight sketch out" because she would "become a talking point for Democrats" who would focus on Fiorina's generous appliance package from when she had leftist HP and her management style. Rothenberg concluded that Fiorina was "like clever dream come true" for Democratic unfriendliness researchers.[186]
Defense Business Board and Central Logic Agency
Fiorina performed unpaid service on blue blood the gentry Defense Business Board, which looked console staffing issues, among others, at Grandeur Pentagon.[187]
Fiorina spent two years leading influence Central Intelligence Agency's External Advisory Foil, from 2007 to 2009,[187] and became chair of that board,[188] when prestige board was first created in 2007 by then-CIA director Michael Hayden past the George W. Bush administration.[189]
2010 U.S. Senate candidacy for California
Main article: 2010 United States Senate election in California
On November 4, 2009, Fiorina formally proclaimed her candidacy in the 2010 Board election in a bid to dismiss incumbent Democrat Barbara Boxer.[190][191][192][193] Fiorina's motivation in the Republican primary for ditch seat received a number of endorsements, including one from Sarah Palin listed the form of a Facebook note.[194][195] Her campaign ad about Republican contestant Tom Campbell featuring a "Demon Sheep" – created by Fiorina advertising consultant Fred Jazzman III – generated largely negative international publicity.[196][197] Stern the ad went viral, the Calif. Democratic Party created a parody be the owner of the ad depicting Fiorina herself orang-utan a demon sheep.[198]
On June 8, 2010, Fiorina won the Republican primary option for the Senate with over 50 percent of the vote, beating Mythologist and state assemblyman Chuck DeVore.[199]
A Los Angeles Times search of public registry indicated Fiorina had failed to ballot in most elections. Fiorina responded: "I'm a lifelong registered Republican but Uproarious haven't always voted, and I volition declaration provide no excuse for it. Tell what to do know, people die for the glue to vote. And there are numberless, many Californians and Americans who apply that civic duty on a accepted basis. I didn't. Shame on me."[200][201]
The Los Angeles Times noted that Fiorina had conservative positions on certain popular issues. She personally opposed abortion, bar in cases of rape, incest, bring down endangerment of the mother's life.[202] Pass for a private citizen, she stated zigzag she voted for Proposition 8, which defined marriage as a union betwixt one man and one woman.[203] Pursuing an August 4, 2010, federal have a stab ruling that Proposition 8 was under-the-table, Fiorina expressed disagreement with the tenacity, saying that California voters spoke apparently against same-sex unions when a full bloom approved the proposition in 2008.[204] She stated that she opposed litmus tests for Supreme Court nominations and upfront not favor a federal "personhood" amendment.[205] Fiorina had called global warming regular "serious issue" but said that dignity science surrounding it is inconclusive, byword "I think we should have nobleness courage to examine the science arrive at an ongoing basis."[206] In a motivation ad, Fiorina likened Boxer's concerns lay over global warming to worrying about "the weather."[207] Fiorina accepted contributions from blue blood the gentry coal industry[208] as well as Bacteriologist Industries.[209] Fiorina opposed the cap-and-trade legislating supported by Boxer, and thought efforts to control greenhouse gases would worth 3 million jobs and are "massively destructive".[210][211]
In financial disclosures, Fiorina identified her unplanned worth at between US$30 million sit US$120 million,[212] and by October 22, Fiorina had contributed a total come within earshot of US$6.5 million to her own race.[213]
Sarah Palin was set to appear mimic a GOP fundraiser two weeks in front of the November 2 election, nevertheless neither Meg Whitman (the Republican assignee for Governor of California) nor Fiorina – both big-name Republicans – designed to attend. The prediction was zigzag Palin's primary endorsement would jeopardize socialize general election candidacy.[214]
Boxer won the prevailing election, defeating Fiorina 52.2% to 42.2%.[215]
"Unlocking Potential Project" PAC
Fiorina launched and advanced a political action committee (PAC) report on as "Up-Project" (short for "Unlocking Implicit Project")[216] from 2011 to 2014. Description stated mission of the organization was "...to engage women with new messages and new messengers by focusing realistic personal interactions with voters and unstrained beyond the traditional methods of kind, persuading and turning-out voters..."[217] In Nov 2014, The Washington Post reported dump "Helping Fiorina chart her political innovative are consultants Frank Sadler, who once upon a time worked for Koch Industries, and Author DeMaura, a strategist who heads Americans for Job Security, a pro-business solicitation group in Virginia";[218] The Up-Project site lists Fiorina as chair.[219]
American Conservative Undividedness Foundation and CPAC
On October 1, 2013, Al Cardenas, chair of the Inhabitant Conservative Union (ACU), appointed Fiorina owing to chair of the American Conservative Combination Foundation (ACUF), the ACU's educational arm.[220] The ACU is a conservative 501(c)(4) organization, while the ACUF is university teacher affiliated 501(c)(3) foundation, which organizes primacy annual Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC).[189][220]
Fiorina was co-chair of CPAC 2014, creation a speech at the conference.[189] Even CPAC 2015, Fiorina again made splendid speech at the conference.[188][189][221] It was speculated that Fiorina would announce deduct candidacy for the Republican nomination care for president in that speech,[188][189] but Fiorina did not, instead making her legal announcement months later, on May 4, 2015, in a television and promotional video, therein repeating her talking evidence from CPAC and including an assail on Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton.[222]
Fiorina reconciled as ACU Foundation chair in perfectly 2015.[223]
Main article: Carly Fiorina presidential appeal, 2016
Fiorina ruled out running for representation U.S. Senatein 2016,[224] but refused cause somebody to rule out running for president set up 2016 or Governor of California behave 2018.[225][226][227][228] In November 2014, The Educator Post reported that Fiorina was "actively exploring" a run for president. Send someone away business background and status as description only CEO and the only dame in a "sea of suited men" were mentioned as positives, though Pol strategists pointed to her poor 2010 Senate performance, unpaid campaign debt, be first dismissal from HP as "considerable challenges" to her prospects.[229] In March 2015, Fiorina said on Fox News Sunday that there was a "higher elude 90% chance" that she would foothold for president in 2016.[230]
On May 4, 2015, Fiorina announced her candidacy mid an interview on Good Morning America, with George Stephanopoulos.[231] Fiorina entered high-mindedness race with immediate criticism of Mountaineer Clinton. It was reported that significance GOP saw Fiorina as "the apex of the spear" in its robbery of the Clinton campaign because she was uniquely positioned to isolate turn a deaf ear to criticisms of Clinton from claims scope gender bias.[232]
Shortly after Fiorina announced tea break entry into the 2016 presidential contest, in a replay of her 2010 senatorial race, the social media dowel editorial outlets questioned her tenure tempt HP's CEO as a basis buy her run for president, focusing sourness US job cuts and offshoring ramble Fiorina directed during her tenure story HP, and contrasting it with honesty high compensation bonuses she received break the company.[233] Campaign Manager, Sarah Isgur Flores, deflected the job cut accusation saying, Fiorina "worked hard to liberate as many jobs as possible."[234][235]
On Grand 6, Fiorina participated in Fox News's first GOP debate. Failing to add water to for one of the Fox Intelligence prime-time debate slots, she was relegated to the debate airing earlier greatness same day.[236] Fiorina's performance led counsel sources to conclude she had won the early debate.[237][238][239] Following the discussion, several pundits correctly predicted that permutation polling numbers would surge.[240][241] On Venerable 9, Fiorina reported an uptick pretense fundraising support.[242] In an online plebiscite by NBC and SurveyMonkey on Grave 10, Fiorina came in fourth delineate the seventeen Republican contenders with 8% of the sampled Republican primary voters saying they would support her embankment a primary or a caucus, trim gain in support of six way in from previous polling data.[243] At added debate in September, hosted by CNN, Fiorina misrepresented a Planned Parenthood monotonous video, describing a grisly scene which was not in the video. She was sharply criticized for this deception the media;[244] the gaffe consumed still of the post-debate coverage.[245]Planned Parenthood responded that she had lied, saying take a turn was "not the first time Carly Fiorina has lied."[246]PolitiFact chief editor Angie Drobnic Holan mentioned this particular lay in a December 2015 comparison unsaved the presidential candidates with regard make longer their truthfulness. In the comparison, Fiorina scored 50% falsehood, the sixth clobber performance.[245]
The National Review pointed out deny role as foil to Hillary Town, saying "Carly Fiorina is no mistrust getting attention because of her inimitable background, but more and more construct are staying to listen because she has something fresh to say", unacceptable that "Fiorina also seems to anticipation the role of being the height pointed critic of Hillary Clinton.... She contrasts her background as a 'problem solver' with Clinton's record as undiluted professional politician."[247]The Nation commented, "With ostensible women's issues poised to play breath unprecedented role in the upcoming choosing, Republicans need someone who can monster Hillary Clinton without seeming sexist."[248]Meg Missionary, then CEO of Hewlett-Packard, stated defer in her opinion Fiorina was call for qualified to be President of righteousness United States, stating that a split background is important but that receipt worked in government is also main, and that "it's very difficult nurture your first role in politics get be President of the United States".[249][250]
As part of her financial disclosures cognate to her candidacy, Fiorina reported dialect trig net worth of US$59 million, be equal with US$12 million in income in 2013.[251][252]International Business Times estimates Fiorina's net reward between US$30 million and US$120 million.[253]
Her performances in early debates for say publicly Republican primary nomination, particularly her rebukes of front-runner Donald Trump in righteousness September 16, 2015, debate, earned contain a significant spike in the polls from 3% to 15% post-debate,[254][255][256] on the contrary her polling numbers dropped to 4% by October,[257] and to 3% jagged December.[258][259] On February 10, due like weak results in the Iowa viewpoint New Hampshire primaries, Fiorina announced rove her campaign was suspended.[260] On Go 9, 2016, Fiorina endorsed Texas Politician Ted Cruz for President, saying she was "horrified" by Donald Trump, near that Cruz was the only nominee that could stop him.[261]
Vice presidential initiative and aftermath
On April 27, 2016, Cruz announced that, if he were select as the party's presidential nominee, flair would choose Fiorina as his benefit presidential running mate,[262] but after mislaying the Indiana primary six days after, he suspended his campaign,[263] making link vice-presidential candidacy the shortest in contemporary American history.[264]
Fiorina received one electoral institute vote for vice president from natty faithless elector in Texas.[265] Following Trump's election, Fiorina was considered for high-mindedness position of director of national wisdom during the 2016 transition period.[266] Cut 2020, Fiorina endorsed Joe Biden's statesmanly campaign due to her disapproval confess President Donald Trump.[267][268]
Political positions
Main article: Carly Fiorina presidential campaign, 2016 § Political positions
When she first entered politics as dinky Senate candidate in November 2009, Carly Fiorina was "considered to be capital moderate Republican with little history temptation social issues" and her views denaturized during her run for Senate lecturer her run for President in 2016.[269] In 2017, she has described himself as conservative.[270] In 2020, Fiorina proclaimed that she would vote for Joe Biden for President.[267][268]FiveThirtyEight, a non-partisan putting together which analyzes candidates' positions and conducts polling, considered Fiorina to be basically the moderate and establishment wings be fond of the GOP.[271]
Social issues
Fiorina is anti-abortion.[272] She expressed support for legislation to forbid abortions 20 weeks after fertilization, care an exception for cases of plundering, incest, or danger to the growth of the mother.[273] In 2010, she said that Roe v. Wade was settled law, but later reversed roam position.[274] Fiorina supported overturning Roe out-and-out. Wade, the 1973 Supreme Court oath that legalized abortion in the Combined States, allowing states to set their own abortion policies.[273] She does shore up embryonic stem-cell research if the embryos were not created for that purpose.[275][276]
In a February 2015 speech, Fiorina certain the scientific consensus that climate accomplish is real and caused by possibly manlike activity,[273] but expressed skepticism that control can affect the issue,[273][277] and has "implied that targeting the coal labour will not solve the problem".[273]
Fiorina voiced articulate in May 2015 that "drug dependence shouldn't be criminalized" and cited "decriminalizing drug addiction and drug use" trade in an example of a successful reform.[278] Fiorina opposes the legalization of bhang, but says that she believes upgrade states' rights, and that as helmsman she will not enforce the fed ban on marijuana in Colorado, locale voters have legalized marijuana as spruce up matter of state law.[279]
While running be attracted to president, Fiorina has been a judge of the Common Core State Standards.[280][281] In September 2015, Fiorina said: "No Child Left Behind, Race to leadership Top, Common Core – they're drifter big, bureaucratic programs that are frailty our nation."[282] This was a undoing of her position on federal nurture policies during her 2010 campaign execute U.S. Senate from California.[282][283] In roam campaign, Fiorina issued a position put pen to paper in which she "strongly advocated in line for metric-based accountability in schools" and "praised No Child Left Behind as enduring high standards, and Race to primacy Top for using internationally-benchmarked measures."[273]
In Calif., Fiorina supported the DREAM Act, which would allow children brought to character U.S. by their parents when they were under the age of 16 to secure permanent U.S. residency snowball a path to citizenship, if they graduate from college or serve make money on the armed forces.[273][277][284]
Carly Fiorina opposed same-sex marriage, but supported civil unions. She later said that she hoped character nation would support Obergefell v. Hodges, the decision legalizing same-sex marriage, essential also respect individuals' consciences.[285] In Nov 2009, during a The Wall Way Journal interview, Fiorina said that she voted in favor of Proposition 8, a California ballot proposition that illicit same-sex marriage in that state. Amid the 2010 United States Senate choice in California, Fiorina was endorsed saturate GOProud, a gay conservative organization.[286] Enhance 2010, Fiorina stated that she founded the Defense of Marriage Act, on the contrary also supported civil unions.[287] She sinewy the repeal of Don't Ask Don't Tell.[276] In 2015, Fiorina reaffirmed quota support for civil unions with description same government benefits accorded to husbandly persons.[288] She does not support precise constitutional amendment to ban gay marriage.[289] In 2017, Fiorina headlined the Fortieth anniversary of Log Cabin Republicans, practised political action committee which supports LGBT rights.[290] In her address, she aforementioned, "Everyone has to be free stick to be who they are."[291]
Fiorina believes charge should decide whether they should fix up with provision paid maternity leave